Ethics code: IR.SUMS.NUMIMG.REC.1402.021
1- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Abstract: (51 Views)
Objective(s): To estimate the role of political, economic and social factors on the burden of prevalent cancers in the world.
Methods: Data related to the incidence and death rates of lung, colon, stomach, breast, and pancreatic cancers (dependent variables), exposure values to risk factors, institutional quality, education level, urbanization rate and total health expenditure (independent variables) were used for 158 countries from 2001 to 2020 (n=3160). The dynamic panel model using the generalized method of moments (GMM) by STATA17 was estimated.
Results: Institutional quality showed a positive relationship with the incidence of all cancers, but a negative relationship with cancer-related deaths (P<0.05). It has the highest impact on incidence and deaths from lung, breast and stomach cancer, respectively. exposure values to risk factors had a positive relationship with the incidence and deaths of all cancers (P<0.05). This effect on lung cancer was more than other cancers. The effect of education and total health expenditure on different cancers was different. The urbanization rate had a positive effect on the all cancers (P<0.05). Also, GDP showed a negative effect on the incidence and death rates of all cancers (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings showed that political, economic and social factors outside the health sector have the greatest impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers. Apart from exposure to risk factors, which as expected had the greatest impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers, institutional quality as an indicator of governance status, and GDP as an indicator of economic status showed the greatest impact on cancers. It is worth noting that health expenditure has not only had a negative impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers, but in some cases also had a positive impact. This suggests the inefficiency of resource allocation in the health sector.
Methods: Data related to the incidence and death rates of lung, colon, stomach, breast, and pancreatic cancers (dependent variables), exposure values to risk factors, institutional quality, education level, urbanization rate and total health expenditure (independent variables) were used for 158 countries from 2001 to 2020 (n=3160). The dynamic panel model using the generalized method of moments (GMM) by STATA17 was estimated.
Results: Institutional quality showed a positive relationship with the incidence of all cancers, but a negative relationship with cancer-related deaths (P<0.05). It has the highest impact on incidence and deaths from lung, breast and stomach cancer, respectively. exposure values to risk factors had a positive relationship with the incidence and deaths of all cancers (P<0.05). This effect on lung cancer was more than other cancers. The effect of education and total health expenditure on different cancers was different. The urbanization rate had a positive effect on the all cancers (P<0.05). Also, GDP showed a negative effect on the incidence and death rates of all cancers (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings showed that political, economic and social factors outside the health sector have the greatest impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers. Apart from exposure to risk factors, which as expected had the greatest impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers, institutional quality as an indicator of governance status, and GDP as an indicator of economic status showed the greatest impact on cancers. It is worth noting that health expenditure has not only had a negative impact on the incidence and deaths of cancers, but in some cases also had a positive impact. This suggests the inefficiency of resource allocation in the health sector.
type of study: Descriptive |
Subject:
Social Determinants of Health
Received: 2024/07/27 | Accepted: 2025/09/14 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/10/26
Received: 2024/07/27 | Accepted: 2025/09/14 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/10/26
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