Volume 23, Issue 5 (September-October 2024)
Payesh 2024, 23(5): 727-736 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Isfahani P, Samani S, Bazi A, Afshari M, Abbaszadeh Bezi M. Prevalence of depression in medical students in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Payesh 2024; 23 (5) :727-736
URL: http://payeshjournal.ir/article-1-2299-en.html
URL: http://payeshjournal.ir/article-1-2299-en.html
1- Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
2- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol
3- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
4- Research Center for Social Determinant of Health, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
5- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health,, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
2- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol
3- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
4- Research Center for Social Determinant of Health, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
5- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health,, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
Abstract: (1875 Views)
Objective(s): Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Often the onset of this disease is during adolescence and early youth. This period, which is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood, is a stage of emotional instability caused by the demand for separation and independence. Students are in this age range. The occurrence of depression at this age causes a sharp drop in academic and social performance. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students using Beck questionnaire.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conductted. All articles written in English and Persian on the prevalence of depression in medical students up to 22 August 20023 were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database (SID) databases, and Google Scholar search engine. The heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I2 index and the meta-regression model to evaluate the variables suspected of heterogeneity at a significance level of 0.05. Finally, 9 articles were analyzed using CMA software.
Results: The overall prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students based on the nine published articles was 15.2% (95% CI 11.8-19.5; 95%). The highest depression in medical students was recorded in Hamedan, 24.8% (95% Cl: 19.5%-30.9%) in 2015 and the lowest prevalence of depression in medical students was obtained in Kerman province, 6.5% (95% CI: 4-10.4) in 2016. Depression was higher in female than male students. Also, a significant statistical correlation was observed between prevalence of depression in medical students and years (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students was 15.2%. Although, the rate of prevalence was increased annually; therefore, policy makers and managers should take serious measures to reduce depression.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conductted. All articles written in English and Persian on the prevalence of depression in medical students up to 22 August 20023 were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database (SID) databases, and Google Scholar search engine. The heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I2 index and the meta-regression model to evaluate the variables suspected of heterogeneity at a significance level of 0.05. Finally, 9 articles were analyzed using CMA software.
Results: The overall prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students based on the nine published articles was 15.2% (95% CI 11.8-19.5; 95%). The highest depression in medical students was recorded in Hamedan, 24.8% (95% Cl: 19.5%-30.9%) in 2015 and the lowest prevalence of depression in medical students was obtained in Kerman province, 6.5% (95% CI: 4-10.4) in 2016. Depression was higher in female than male students. Also, a significant statistical correlation was observed between prevalence of depression in medical students and years (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students was 15.2%. Although, the rate of prevalence was increased annually; therefore, policy makers and managers should take serious measures to reduce depression.
type of study: Systematic Reviw |
Subject:
Health Psychologhy
Received: 2023/10/4 | Accepted: 2024/08/26 | ePublished ahead of print: 2024/09/15 | Published: 2024/10/8
Received: 2023/10/4 | Accepted: 2024/08/26 | ePublished ahead of print: 2024/09/15 | Published: 2024/10/8
References
1. AlFahhad NM. Prevalence and factors associated with depression among health care workers in National Guard Hospital in Riyadh KSA. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 2018; 2:96-92 [DOI:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1526306040]
2. World Health Organization. Depression. Available from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression (Accessed 4 March 2023)
3. Rezaei T, Yazdi-Ravandi S, Ghaleiha A, Seif Rabiei MA. Depression among medical students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2014: The Role of demographic variables. Pajouhan Scientific Journal 2015; 13:1-8 [Persian]
4. Liu XQ, Guo YX, Zhang WJ, Gao WJ. Influencing factors, prediction and prevention of depression in college students: a literature review. World Journal of Psychiatry 2022; 12:860 [DOI:10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.860]
5. Lei XY, Xiao LM, Liu YN, Li YM. Prevalence of depression among Chinese University students: a meta-analysis. Plos One 2016;11: e0153454 [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0153454]
6. Liu X, Ping S, Gao W. Changes in undergraduate students' psychological well-being as they experience university life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019; 16:2864 [DOI:10.3390/ijerph16162864]
7. Dessauvagie AS, Dang HM, Nguyen TA, Groen G. Mental health of university students in southeastern Asia: a systematic review. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 2022; 34:172-81 [DOI:10.1177/10105395211055545]
8. Adewuya AO, Ola BA, Aloba OO, Mapayi BM, Oginni OO. Depression amongst Nigerian university students: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2006; 41:674-8 [DOI:10.1007/s00127-006-0068-9]
9. Furr SR, Westefield JS, McConnell GN, Jenkins JM. Suicide and depression among college students: A decade later. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 2001; 32: 97 [DOI:10.1037/0735-7028.32.1.97]
10. Stewart-Brown S, Evans J, Patterson J, Petersen S, Doll H, Balding J, Regis D. The health of students in institutes of higher education: an important and neglected public health problem? Journal of Public Health 2000; 22:492-9 [DOI:10.1093/pubmed/22.4.492]
11. Lovell GP, Nash K, Sharman R, Lane BR. A cross‐sectional investigation of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and health‐behavior participation in a Australian university students. Nursing & Health Sciences 2015; 17:134-42 [DOI:10.1111/nhs.12147]
12. Lahiri Mallik, Soma Rathore, Nirmala Singh, Jagawat Tushar. Depression among College Going Students: An Evaluative Study. Seybold Report 2023; 18: 420-430
13. American College Health Association (ACHA). Depression. Available from https://www.acha.org/documents/ncha/NCHAII_Fall_2018_Reference_Group_Executive_Summary.pdf
14. Ershadi Kia B, Shajari A, Tayebi F, Yaghubi Far MA. Identifying the prevalence and contributing factors of depression in students of health and health-related schools of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in academic year 2009-2010. Beyhagh 2015; 16:33-43[Persian]
15. Silva V, Costa P, Pereira I, Faria R, Salgueira AP, Costa MJ, Sousa N, Cerqueira JJ, Morgado P. Depression in medical students: insights from a longitudinal study. BMC Medical Education 2017; 17:1-9 [DOI:10.1186/s12909-017-1006-0]
16. Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD. Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among US and Canadian medical students. Academic Medicine 2006 1;81:354-73 [DOI:10.1097/00001888-200604000-00009]
17. Dahlin M, Joneborg N, Runeson B. Stress and depression among medical students: A cross‐sectional study. Medical Education 2005; 39:594-604 [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02176.x]
18. Vitaliano PP, Maiuro RD, Russo J, Mitchell ES. Medical student distress. A longitudinal study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1989;177:70-6 [DOI:10.1097/00005053-198902000-00002]
19. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71 [DOI:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004]
20. Hosseini kasnavieh F, Najarzadeh A, Sherafat Z, Tavajohi S. Association between Eating Disorder and Depression among Medical Students of Islamic Azad university of Yazd in 2013. Tolooe Behdasht 2016; 14:328-337[Persian]
21. Eisaii, Daghagheleh R, Mirzaii A. Study of depression prevalence in medical students of Joondishapoor University of medical sciences in Ahwaz. Educational Development of Judishapur 2011; 1:32-4[Persian]
22. Ghanei Motlagh S, Shariatifar N, Mohammadpour A. The survey of prevalence of depression and correlation with social and educational factors in Mashhad medical students. Ofoghe Danesh 2003; 9: 29-35[Persian]
23. Mitton C, Adair CE, McKnze E, SB P, B WP. Knowledge transfer and exchange: review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of Milbank Quarterly 2007;85:729-68 [DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2007.00506.x]
24. Foroughan M, Emami H, A'bdi-Farkoush B, Partow-Azar B. The Epidemiologic Study of Depression in Medical Students of Bandar Abbas University (1994-1995). Archives of Rehabilitation 2000; 1:19-29
25. Hamzei-Moghadam A, GHafarinejhad AR, Bahrampour B. Evaluation of the frequency of migraine and depression and the relationship between them among medical students of Kerman university of medical sciences. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1997;4:85-90[Persian]
26. Eslamei AA, Vakili MA, Faraji J. The study of the rate of depression and its relation to kind of free time acitvity among the medical students. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Science 2002; 4: 52-59
27. Karimi Zarchi AA, Tavallaii SA, Adibzadeh AR, Hoseinlo Sh. Prevalence rate and related factros of depression in medical students. Kowsar Medical Journal 2003; 8: 234-231
28. Rahmani Bidokhti N, Sadeghi Khorashad M, Bijari B. Comparisonof depression prevalence in medical students between the first and last years of Birjand University of Medical Sciences: Brief Article. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences 2014;21:246-52[Persian]
29. Elsawy WI, Sherif AA, Attia MS, El-Nimr NA. Depression among medical students in Alexandria, Egypt. African Health Sciences 2020; 20:1416-25 [DOI:10.4314/ahs.v20i3.47]
30. Coentre R, Faravelli C, Figueira ML. Assessment of depression and suicidal behaviour among medical students in Portugal. International Journal of Medical Education 2016;7:354 [DOI:10.5116/ijme.57f8.c468]
31. Steptoe A, Tsuda A, Tanaka Y, Wardle J. Depressive symptoms, socio-economic background, sense of control, and cultural factors in university students from 23 countries. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2007; 14: 97-107 [DOI:10.1007/BF03004175]
32. Saravanan C, Wilks R. Medical students' experience of and reaction to stress: The role of depression and anxiety. Scientific World Journal 2014; 2014:737382 [DOI:10.1155/2014/737382]
33. Al-Faris EA, Irfan F, Van der Vleuten CP, Naeem N, Alsalem A, Alamiri N, et al. The prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms from an Arabian setting: a wakeup call. Medical Teacher 2012; 34: 32-36 [DOI:10.3109/0142159X.2012.656755]
34. Bassols AM, Okabayashi LS, Silva AB, Carneiro BB, Feijó F, Guimarães GC, et al. First- and last-year medical students: is there a difference in the prevalence and intensity of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria Journal 2014; 36:233-40 [DOI:10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1183]
35. Fourotani Mohammad Reza. Investigating depression in students of higher education centers. Iranian Nursing Journal 2005;18:123-130
36. Fayazi M, Samari Safa J, Noorbakhsh S. Efficacy of life skills training on reduction of depression, anxiety, and stress among university students. Journal of Counseling Research 2017;16:60-79
37. Isfahani P, Bahador RC, Peirovy S, Afshari M, Samani S. Prevalence of depression among nurses of Iran: A meta-analysis. Evidence Based Health Policy, Management and Economics 2022;6:137-48 [DOI:10.18502/jebhpme.v6i2.9945]
38. Isfahani P, Afshin M, Rasulkhani F, Azizi N. The prevalence of depression in Iranian pregnant women: a meta-analysis. Journal of Health Based Research 2020;6: 51-65 [DOI:10.1155/2020/5871402]
39. Isfahani P, Arefy M, Shamsaii M. Prevalence of severe depression in Iranian women with breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Depression Research and Treatment 2020; 2020:4-6 [DOI:10.1155/2020/5871402]
40. University counseling. Available from https://stu.semnan.ac.ir/ayinname%E2%80%93haye%E2%80%93mar%3Baz%E2%80%93moshavere (Accessed 4 October 2023)
Send email to the article author
| Rights and Permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |