1. Ducel G, Fabry J, Nicolle L. Prevention of hospital acquired infections: a practical guide. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization 2002:1-20
2. Arefian H, Hagel S, Heublein S, Rissner F, Scherag A, Brunkhorst FM, Baldessarini RJ, Hartmann M. Extra length of stay and costs because of health care-associated infections at a German university hospital. American Journal of Infection Control 2016;44:160-6 [
DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.005]
3. Umscheid CA, Mitchell MD, Doshi JA, Agarwal R, Williams K, Brennan PJ. Estimating the proportion of healthcare-associated infections that are reasonably preventable and the related mortality and costs. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 2011;32:101-14 [
DOI:10.1086/657912]
4. Lamarsalle L, Hunt B, Schauf M, Szwarcensztein K, Valentine WJ. Evaluating the clinical and economic burden of healthcare-associated infections during hospitalization for surgery in France. Epidemiology & Infection 2013;141:2473-82 [
DOI:10.1017/S0950268813000253]
5. Mosadeghrad AM, Afshari M, Isfahani P. Prevalence of nosocomial infection in Iranian Hospitals: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 2021; 16:352-362 [in Persian]
6. Suetens C, Latour K, Kärki T, Ricchizzi E, Kinross P, Moro ML, Jans B, Hopkins S, Hansen S, Lyytikäinen O, Reilly J. Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017. Eurosurveillance 2018;23:1800516 [
DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.46.1800516]
7. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance of surgical site infections in European hospitals. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2017 Available at https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/HAI-Net-SSI-protocol-v2.2.pdf [Access date: 16/04/2023]
8. World Health Organization. Implementation manual to support the prevention of surgical site infections at the facility level: turning recommendations into practice: interim version. World Health Organization; 2018 Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330071/WHO-HIS-SDS-2018.18-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [Access date: 16/04/2023]
9. Owens PL, Barrett ML, Raetzman S, Maggard-Gibbons M, Steiner CA. Surgical site infections following ambulatory surgery procedures. Journal of the American Medical Association 2014;311:709-16 [
DOI:10.1001/jama.2014.4]
10. Mehtar S, Wanyoro A, Ogunsola F, Ameh EA, Nthumba P, Kilpatrick C, Revathi G, Antoniadou A, Giamarelou H, Apisarnthanarak A, Ramatowski JW. Implementation of surgical site infection surveillance in low-and middle-income countries: A position statement for the International Society for Infectious Diseases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;100:123-31 [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.021]
11. Azizi H, Janmohammadi N, Bahrami M, Rouhi M, Falsafi M, Bijani A, Esmaeilnejad-Ganji SM. The Rate of Surgical Site Infection and Associated Factors in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgeries in Babol, Northern. Babol Medical Univercity Science Journal 2018; 20:37-43
12. Soroush AR, Makarem J, Younesian M, Fazeli MS, Haji-Abdulbaqi M, Nouri M, Adili F, Alavi S. Surgical site Infection and its contributing factors in general surgical patients. Scientific Journal of the Medical Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran 2007; 25: 473-464
13. Hojjat M, Karimyar JM, Keshaei N, Salehifard A. Assessment of the prevalence of post-operation orthopedic wound infection in the orthopedic ward of Motahari hospital. Iranian Journal of Surgery 2012; 20: 1-8
14. Razavi SM, Ibrahimpoor M, Sabouri Kashani A, Jafarian A. Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital. BMC Surgery 2005;5:1-5 [
DOI:10.1186/1471-2482-5-2]
15. Weber WP, Zwahlen M, Reck S, Feder-Mengus C, Misteli H, Rosenthal R, Brandenberger D, Oertli D, Widmer AF, Marti WR. Economic burden of surgical site infections at a European university hospital. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 2008; 29:623-9 [
DOI:10.1086/589331]
16. Pinkney TD, Calvert M, Bartlett DC, Gheorghe A, Redman V, Dowswell G, Hawkins W, Mak T, Youssef H, Richardson C, Hornby S. Impact of wound edge protection devices on surgical site infection after laparotomy: multicentre randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal 2013; 31:347 [
DOI:10.1136/bmj.f4305]
17. Gibson A, Tevis S, Kennedy G. Readmission after delayed diagnosis of surgical site infection: a focus on prevention using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. The American Journal of Surgery 2014;207:832-9 [
DOI:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.05.017]
18. Badia JM, Casey AL, Petrosillo N, Hudson PM, Mitchell SA, Crosby C. Impact of surgical site infection on healthcare costs and patient outcomes: a systematic review in six European countries. Journal of Hospital Infection 2017; 96:1-5 [
DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2017.03.004]
19. Weigelt JA, Lipsky BA, Tabak YP, Derby KG, Kim M, Gupta V. Surgical site infections: causative pathogens and associated outcomes. American Journal of Infection Control 2010; 38:112-20 [
DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2009.06.010]
20. De Lissovoy G, Fraeman K, Hutchins V, Murphy D, Song D, Vaughn BB. Surgical site infection: incidence and impact on hospital utilization and treatment costs. American Journal of Infection Control 2009; 37:387-97 [
DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2008.12.010]
21. Leaper DJ, Van Goor H, Reilly J, Petrosillo N, Geiss HK, Torres AJ, Berger A. Surgical site infection-a European perspective of incidence and economic burden. International Wound Journal 2004;1:247-73 [
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4801.2004.00067.x]
22. Mosadeghrad AM, Jaafaripooyan E, Zamandi M. Economic Evaluation of Health Interventions: A Critical Review. Iranian Journal of Public Health 2022;51:2159-70 [
DOI:10.18502/ijph.v51i10.10975]
23. Mosadeghrad AM, Pourreza A, Akbarpour N. Economic burden of autism spectrum disorders in Iran. Tehran University Medical Journal. 2019; 76:665-671 [in Persian]
24. Infectious Disease Management Center. National nosocomial infections surveillance report. Iran Ministry of Health 2017 https://phc.umsu.ac.ir/uploads/9_371_3_aefi.pdf [Access date: 16/04/2023]
25. Pollard TC, Newman JE, Barlow NJ, Price JD, Willett KM. Deep wound infection after proximal femoral fracture: consequences and costs. Journal of Hospital Infection 2006; 63:133-9 [
DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2006.01.015]
26. Jenks PJ, Laurent M, McQuarry S, Watkins R. Clinical and economic burden of surgical site infection (SSI) and predicted financial consequences of elimination of SSI from an English hospital. Journal of Hospital Infection 2014; 86:24-33 [
DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2013.09.012]
27. Totty JP, Moss JW, Barker E, Mealing SJ, Posnett JW, Chetter IC, Smith GE. The impact of surgical site infection on hospitalisation, treatment costs, and health‐related quality of life after vascular surgery. International Wound Journal 2021; 18:261-8 [
DOI:10.1111/iwj.13526]
28. Schweizer ML, Cullen JJ, Perencevich EN, Sarrazin MS. Costs associated with surgical site infections in Veterans Affairs hospitals. Journal of the American Medical Association Surgery 2014; 149:575-81 [
DOI:10.1001/jamasurg.2013.4663]
29. Infectious Disease Management Center. National nosocomial infections surveillance report. Iran Ministry of Health 2018 https://taold.mui.ac.ir/sites/ta.mui.ac.ir/files/16031p.pdf [Access date: 16/04/2023]
30. Kaye KS, Schmit K, Pieper C, Sloane R, Caughlan KF, Sexton DJ, Schmader KE. The effect of increasing age on the risk of surgical site infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2005; 191:1056-62 [
DOI:10.1086/428626]
31. Wick EC, Hirose K, Shore AD, Clark JM, Gearhart SL, Efron J, Makary MA. Surgical site infections and cost in obese patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Archives of surgery 2011; 146:1068-72 [
DOI:10.1001/archsurg.2011.117]
32. Langelotz C, Mueller-Rau C, Terziyski S, Rau B, Krannich A, Gastmeier P, Geffers C. Gender-specific differences in surgical site infections: an analysis of 438,050 surgical procedures from the German National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Visceral Medicine 2014; 30:114-7 [
DOI:10.1159/000362100]
33. Durand F, Berthelot P, Cazorla C, Farizon F, Lucht F. Smoking is a risk factor of organ/space surgical site infection in orthopaedic surgery with implant materials. International Orthopaedics 2013; 37:723-7 [
DOI:10.1007/s00264-013-1814-8]
34. Shabanian A, Karimi Nasab MH, Shayesteh Azar M, Esmaeilnezhad Ganji SM. Type and Rate of Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in the Orthopedic Patients Underwent Elective Surgeries in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Babol. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 2018; 10:20:68-73
35. Mosadeghrad AM. Patient choice of a hospital: Implications for health policy and management, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 2014; 27: 152-64 [
DOI:10.1108/IJHCQA-11-2012-0119]
36. Mosadeghrad AM. Factors influencing health care service quality. International Journal of Health Policy and Management 2014; 3: 77-89 [
DOI:10.15171/ijhpm.2014.65]
37. Soleimani Z, Mosadeghrad AM, Abbasabadi-Arab M, Moradi M, Abediinjad P, Mesdaghinia A. Designing and Psychometric Testing of an Instrument to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Clinical Staff about Nosocomial Infections. Jounral Mazandaran University Medical Sciences 2021; 31:111-122 [in Persian]
38. Mosadeghrad AM, Ferlie E. Total quality management in healthcare. Management innovations for healthcare organizations: adopt, abandon or adapt. York: Routledge 2016:378-96
39. Mosadeghrad AM, Qazanfari F, Keykhani S. Hospital Infection Control accreditation standards: A Comparative Review. Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2022; 12:99-122 [in Persian]
40. Otieku E, Fenny AP, Asante FA, Bediako-Bowan A, Enemark U. Cost-effectiveness analysis of an active 30-day surgical site infection surveillance at a tertiary hospital in Ghana: evidence from HAI-Ghana study. BMJ 2022; 12:e057468 [
DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057468]
41. Tanner J, Padley W, Assadian O, Leaper D, Kiernan M, Edmiston C. Do surgical care bundles reduce the risk of surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal surgery? A systematic review and cohort meta-analysis of 8,515 patients. Surgery 2015; 158:66-77 [
DOI:10.1016/j.surg.2015.03.009]
42. Zywot A, Lau CS, Stephen Fletcher H, Paul S. Bundles prevent surgical site infections after colorectal surgery: meta-analysis and systematic review. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017; 21:1915-30 [
DOI:10.1007/s11605-017-3465-3]
43. Mosadeghrad AM, & Khalaj, F. The impact of quality management in reducing surgical site infection: an action research. Medical Council Journal 2015; 33: 110-118 [in Persian]
44. Mahfoozpour S, Mosadeghrad AM, Bahadori-Monfared A, & Torab-Jahromi L. The impact of a nosocomial infection management model on reduction of hospital nosocomial infections in Jahrom: An action research study. Quality Improvement Management 2015; 5: 30-39 [in Persian]