1 1680-7626 Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR 706 Short term reactogenicity of cellular DTP vaccine in 4-6 year old children in Tehran, Iran Zarei S Akhondi M Zamani A.H Zeraati H Bonakdar S Ghazanfari M Shokri F 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To detcnninc the short-term reacrogenicity of diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccine administered to preschool children in a number of health centers of Tehran in 2006. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 337 children aged 4-6 years were injected with DTwP vaccine manufactured by Razi Institute of Iran. Reactogenicity was assessed by the parents for 7 days post vaccination using diary cards. Local (pain, redness and swelling) and systemic (fever, loss of appetite, gasterointestinal symptoms, vomiting and eczema) side effects were recorded daily. Results: Out of 337 children, 312 (92.6%) reported local reactions and 220 (65.3%) reported systemic reactions. No serious adverse events related to vaccination were reported. Among local reacuons, pain was the most frequent (86.9%), but 11 was mostly mild or moderate. Redness (52.8%) and swelling (41.2%) were the most frequently observed signs in the second day. The systemic reactions observed in children included fever (48.4%), loss of appetite (24%), gastrointestinal symptoms (5 6%), vomiting (8%) and eczema (2.7%). Only 3.6% of children had auxiliary fever above 39 'c. All signs were observed to have reduced or completely disappeared during a week. Conclusion: Compared with previous reports in Iran, reactogenicity of DTwP of Razi Institute seems to be reduced, but it was still more frequent than the internationally approved cellular vaccine counterparts. Reactogcnicity of the cellular triple vaccine may be related to the vaccine formulation or the bacterial cell fragments used in vaccine production.
705 Internet addiction and its related factors: a study of an Iranian population Dargahi H Razavi S.M 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To examine the problem of internet addiction within the perspective of consumers· personality, behavior and demographic characteristics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using 3 questionnaires, including Young's scale to measure the degree of tendency towards internet addiction and Mayer's - Briggs Type indicator (MBTI)• which has four dimensions for personality- and Dean's Alienation Scales (DAS) to measure alienation. There were a total of 732 respondents, aged 15 to 39 years. Responses were analyzed using factor analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple regression techniques. Results: Thirty percent of the respondents were addicted to the internet and showed various degrees of alienation, a sense of being powerless, isolated, introverted or excessively emotional. Conclusion: It is essential to organize educational programs and counseling services to decrease internet addiction within Iranian families. 704 Knowledge of cancer diagnosis and quality of life in patients with gastrointestinal cancer Tavoli A Montazeri A Mohagheghi M.A Roshan R Tavoli Z Melyani M 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): The aim of this trial was to study the various dimensions of quality of life in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and to compare these variables among those who knew their diagnosis and those who did not. Methods: A consecutive sample of patients with gastrointestinal cancer being treated in Cancer Institute in Tehran, Iran was prospectively evaluated.  A psychologist interviewed patients using the Iranian version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment or Cancer Quality or Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C30). Patients were categorized into two groups: those who know their diagnosis and those who did not. Independent sample I-test was used for group comparisons. Results: In all 142 patients were interviewed. A significant proportion (52%) of patients did not know their diagnosis and 48% of patients were aware that they had cancer. They were quite similar in most characteristics. The comparison of quality of life between two groups indicated that those knew their diagnosis showed a significant lower degree or physical (P=0.00 I), emotional (P=0.01) and social functioning {P<0.001), whereas the global quality of life and other functional scales including role functioning and cognitive functioning did not show significant result. There were no statistically significant differences between symptoms scores between two groups, except for fatigue suggesting a higher score in patients who knew their diagnosis (P=0.01). The financial difficulties were also significantly higher in patients who knew their cancer diagnosis (P=0.005). Conclusion: Contrary to expectation the findings showed that patients who did not know their cancer diagnosis had superior physical, social and emotional quality of life. For explaining such findings it seems that in addition to cultural issues information-giving manner might have an important role in improved or decreased quality of life in cancer patients. 703 Incorporation of a sex education program in health care centers in Tehran, Iran Rafaie Shirpak Kh Eftekhar H Mohammad K Chinichian M Ramczankhani A Fotohi A Seraji M 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective (s): Sexual health is increasingly recognized as an integral part of health. Despite admirable efforts to meet reproductive health needs in Iran, there are as yet no comprehensive sex education programs in this country. Methods: In this study we used a matched intervention-control site design in 14 urban health centers with random selection of 160 (80 in each group) participants to evaluate a sex education program in Iran. Qualitative methods were used in a needs assessment study that also determined the content and delivery method of the program. The intervention consisted of training health providers to deliver a short educational program to female clients. Evaluation questionnaires were completed before and 6 weeks after the intervention. Results: There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the intervention and control groups. We observed a statistically significant impact on knowledge (median scores increased from 7.02 tol3.52 and from 6.38 to 6.9 in the intervention and control groups respectively) and attitudes (mean scores increased from 88.35 to 98.98 and decreased from 89.8 to 88.76 in the intervention and control groups respectively). There was also a statistically significant change in intentions and behavior. Conclusion: This study showed that effective education can be achieved by appropriate choice of location and target population (based on cultural norms), and adopting the content to the people's religious and cultural background. 702 Estimation of breast cancer burden in Iran in 2003 and its comparison with Eastern Mediterranean region and the World in 2002 Abolhassani F Khayamzadeh M Moradi Lake M Jamali A Salmanian R Naghavi M 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): Health and its equal distribution among people is one of the major factors of society stability. Reaching this goal would be only possible by proper planning in health, monitoring and evaluating the projects, and interventional planning in different sections. Hence, indexes that describe the burden of diseases and injuries understandably for the managers and planners are necessary. DAL Vs unit (Disability Adjusted Life Years) or the years that are lost because of early death or disability, holds such property. In other words, the sum of the lost life because of early death plus the time passed in disability and infirmity, is quantified by DALVs or the burden of diseases, and is shown for each disease and injury. Methods: An extensive study entitled "Estimation of the burden of diseases and injuries and their risk factors" started in 1382 at deputy for health of Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and the current project which is specified to estimation of the breast cancer burden is a part of that study. In this plan a specific methodology is defined to model the cancers in population and specific software is designed for such work. Breast cancer, the most usual cancer in women, should be significantly noticed. Breast cancer is counted as the most common reason of death in women between 40 and 44. Hence, estimation of its burden and determining its share of the total burden made by all the cancers in Iran, allow the planners to distribute the resources proportionately and evaluate the progress of combat campaigns scientifically and efficiently. Results: The burden of breast cancer was estimated 0.62 DAL Vs in every thousand of women population in Iran. Conclusion: The burden of the cancer in Iranian women was low relatively to Eastern Mediterranean region (I.I DALYs/1000) and the whole World (1.99 DALYs/1000), Age peak of breast cancer in Iranian women was in 45-59 and over 80 age groups, The years lost because of early death or disability in 45-59, 60-69 and 70- 79 age groups of Iranian women in every thousand population (DAL Ys/1000) is lower than the same cases in Eastern Mediterranean region and the World. 701 Voluntary abortion in Iran: a qualitative study Chinichian M Holakoic Nainie K Rafaie Shirpak Kh 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): Voluntary abortion is one of the main causes of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite the legal ban and the existing socio-cultural obstacles, women still are contemplating abortion in Iran. The goal of this study was to examine the reasons for voluntary termination of pregnancy. Methods: Using qualitative methods we performed 36 focus group interviews with women from different ethnic groups, i.e. Balouch, Turk, Torkaman, Arab, Fars, Kord, Guilak, Lor, and Mazandaran. We also performed 54 individual in-depth interviews with gynecologists, midwives, and other people who were somehow connected with the issue of abortion- such as non-trained birth attendants. To minimize the possibility of being affected by other ethnicities (through physical closeness), interviews for each ethnic group were conducted within its main area of residence. Results: The principal reasons for having an abortion were divided into four categories: rubella vaccination, maternal disease, fetal defects, and unplanned pregnancy. Among these, unwanted pregnancy was the most important factor leading to abortion in the setting of a wide range of unfavorable conditions, particularly financial constraints. Religious beliefs were cited as the main reason for refusing to have an abortion. Conclusion: Since unplanned pregnancy is one of the main reasons for abortion, new legislation would not be enough for preventing the majority of induced abortions, but it could reduce the number of unsafe abortions due to maternal disease and/or fetal defects. 700 Prevalence of drug use and its changes in Barn earthquake survivors eight months after the earthquake Rahimi Movaghar A Farhoudian A Rad Goodarzi R Sharifi V Yunesian M Mohammadi M.R 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): The aim of this study was to examine changes in the prevalence of drug use in Sam earthquake survivors eight month after the event. Methods: A survey was carried out on 779 survivors, selected through field sampling from the Barn citizens aged 15 and above. An instrument made by the researchers was used to assess life time and current use of opioids, alcohol and cannabis as well as changes in use compared to the period of I month preceding the earthquake. Results: In this survey, 27.4 percent of men and 4.5 percent of women reported lifetime use of opium. In the eighth month following the earthquake the prevalence of daily opium use was 16.9 percent in men and 2.7 percent in women. In men, alcohol and cannabis were the most common drugs of abuse after opium. Women denied use of any illicit drugs except opium. In general, 20.5 percent of men and 2.3 percent of women reported an increase in the use of at least one illicit drug. A few subjects, however, reported a decrease in drug use. Conclusion: The findings show that in the wake of disasters, especially in areas or populations where drug use is already common, an increase in use might occur; provision of preventive and treatment interventions is therefore necessary. 699 Risk factors associated with Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) in Bandar Abbas, Iran Eftekhar H Aghamolaei T Abedini S 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To determine risk factors associated with IUGR in Bandar Abbas, Iron. Methods: This was a case-control study of live births. Cases were 60 newborns with Jess than 2500g weight at birth; controls were 60 newborns with birth weights above 2500g. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by the SPSS program. Results: Mother's employment (Odds Ratio: I 0.2, Cl95% =, l.2-87 .3), hypertension (Odds Ratio: 7.4, CI 95%=1.5-36.9), lack of prenatal care (Odds Ratio: 3.5, CI95%=l.2-13.7), and use of the hookah for smoking tobacco (Odds Ratio=3.5, Cl95%= 1.1-12.6) were found to be risk factors for intra-uterine growth retardation. Conclusion: To reduce IUGR we must identify high-risk women and educate them on the risks of IUGR and the ways to prevent this phenomenon. 698 Relationship between obesity and nutritional behavior among high-school girls in Kerman Sadrzadeh Yeganeh H Alavi A.M Dorostymotlagh A.R Mahmoodi M Jarollahi N Chamari M 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective (s): The prevalence of obesity has increased in both developed and developing countries. Childhood and adolescent obesity can lead to serious medical complications such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in later years of life. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between obesity and some nutritional behavior. Methods: This was a case-control study. Through multi-stage random sampling, 84 obese girls were selected as cases and 253 non-obese girls from the same age and grade as control. Obesity was defined as having a BMI equal to or greater than 95lh centile. Weights and heights were measured to an accuracy of O. l kg, using digital scales and non-stretchable tape (Seca) with minimum clothing. We used a questionnaire 10 collect data on nutritional behavior. Results: There was a statistically significant greater frequency of eating meals and snacks during the day in controls (P=0/0001, P=0/003). Weekly frequency of eating breakfast was smaller in cases but the difference was not significant.  There  was  no difference between  the  two  groups  in variables  such  as eating  out,  food preference, speed of eating and doing something else while eating. Conclusion: It seems that there is a relationship between obesity among school students and their nutritional behaviors. 697 Prevalence of dental fluorosis and its relationship with water fluoride levels among school students in southern lran Davari A.R Danesh Kazemi A.R Mohammadi H Abdollahi Ali beik F 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018 Objective (s): We investigated the prevalence of dental fluorosis and its relationship with fluoride levels in drinking water among children aged 12-15 years old in southern Iran. Methods: The study was cross-sectional with cluster random sampling. We studied 406 students (186 female and 220 male) in Bastak and its suburbs, which are administratively subordinate to the city or Bandar Lengeh in the southern province or Honnozgan. Results: High level water fluoride account for the high prevalence and severity or dental Iluorosis in the region. Fluoride levels of 1.55 PPM in the village of Harang versus levels of 0.75 PPM in Jonahs correspond to the greater prevalence of dental fluorosis in the fonner locality. We did not detect a statistically significant relationship between age and fluorosis. Conclusion: Considering the average water fluoride or I.OS PPM, average temperature of26.1°C, and the community fluorosis index (CFI) of 0.83 for this area, we conclude that levels of fluoride in the region's drinking water are well above the W.H.O. recommendations. 696 1 6 2007 6 3 0 0 28 11 2018