1 1680-7626 Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR 562 The effect of age on hearing impairment of employees in a textile factory Seyed Ali Moussavi-Najarkola 1 7 2010 9 3 243 250 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To assess the effect of age on hearing impairment of employees in a textile factory. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. 385 male workers in a textile factory took part in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing items on demographic status and hearing diseases. In addition, audiomentric tests were carrid out and total hearing loss and total hearing impairment for any workers were calculated. Results: 301 (78.2%) employees were over age 40. There was a significant relationship between age and various types of jobs (χ2=7.33; P<0.001). 345 (89.6%) of employees had hearing impairment (hearing loss higher than 25 decibles) and 40 (10.4%) were healthy. Also there was a statistically significant relationship berween age and hearing loss (χ2=4.43; P<0.001); and hearing impairment (χ2=6.38; p=0.004). The highest prevalence of presbyacusis was related to the age group of 40-44 years old (59.3%). Conclusion: In genral hearing impairment was found to be high in this population and it was associated with type of jobs and age.
563 Need assessment: Sexual health education in family planning centers, Tehran, Iran Khosro Rafaie Shirpak Maryam Chinichian Hasasan Eftekhar Ali Ramezankhani 1 7 2010 9 3 251 260 28 11 2018 Objective(s): This paper explores the sexual health education needs and appropriate content for such education in Tehran. Methods: 21 married female in reproductive age from Tehran were recruited using snowball sampling and participated in qualitative interviews using focus group techniques. Results: Participants addressed four themes: women’s sex education needs, husbands' sex education needs, behaviors that women dislike in their sexual relationship, women’s ideas about sex education. Sex education needs encompasses various subjects including basic concepts of sexuality and sexual behaviors. A considerable number of women disliked some sexual behaviors and had questions along those lines. They believed that sex education can influence their sexual life in a positive way. Conclusion: Attention to cultural sensitivities, realities of couples’ sexual relationship and conceiving their needs as it is, seems to help to design and implementation of a program that is going to meet people real needs. 564 Reasons for using withdrawal contraception: a qualitative study Parvin Rahnama Ali Reza Heidarnia Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi Anooshirvan Kazemnejad Ali Montazeri 1 7 2010 9 3 261 267 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To identify reasons why married women use withdrawal when they do not desire pregnancy. Methods: This was a qualitative study. We performed 50 interviews with women who were using withdrawal contraception. Theory of Planned Behavior used as framework for elicitation salient believes about contraception methods. Participants were married women who were not currently pregnant, not desire to have a child, using withdrawal contraception. Results:  Women gave many reasons for using withdrawal contraception .Three major categories emerged: behavioral believes, normative believes and control believes. Conclusion: The results suggest that multidimensional interventions may be needed to effectively reduce withdrawal contraception and unwanted pregnancy. 565 High risk behaviors among Iranian motorcyclists: a qualitative study Fereshteh Zamani Alavijeh Shamsuddin Niknami Esa Mohamadi Ali Montazeri Fazlollah Ahmadi Fazlollah Ghofranipour Sedighe Sadat Tavafian 1 7 2010 9 3 269 278 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To explore risk behaviors among Iranian motorcyclists. Methods: This was a qualitative study based on grounded theory to identify factors influencing Iranian motorcyclists’ risk behaviors. In all, 22 participants took part in the study. To collect data, two focus groups and 13 in-depth interviews with key informants were conducted in Tehran, Iran. Moreover, thirty two observations regarding motorcyclists' behaviors were assessed to increase trustworthiness of the collected data. All interviews and discussions were transcribed and analyzed. Results: A total of 22 participants with an average age of 26.4 years shared their experience regarding motorcyclists’ risk behaviors factors while riding. Among all participants, 16 participants were riders or pillions and family members of riders and 2 participants were policemen. Of all, 4 participants were female and 41.7% were single. The findings of this study revealed that personal characteristics, environmental factors, vehicle related factors and abuse of safe equipments could cause risky behaviors while riding. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that different factors might influence risky behaviors. Thus a multidimensional and comprehensive approach should be designed to prevent risky behaviors. 566 Assessment the synergism effect of acupoints on preoperative anxiety Sina Valiee Shiva Bassampoor Ali Reza Nikbakht Nasrabadi Abbas Mehran Zahra Poresmaei 1 7 2010 9 3 279 288 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To assess the effectiveness of acupressure (acupuncture without needle (and synergism of acupoints in reducing and maintaining patient’s anxiety before abdominal surgeries. Methods: Participants in this randomized controlled trial were 70 patients who were scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery. Patients were randomized to an acupressure group or a placebo group, received acupressure either at the right points or at sham points for 10 mins. Anxiety [recorded on a Visual Analog Scale (0-10)] measured before, following pressure application and 30 minutes after intervention in both groups. Results: The anxiety decreased in both group following pressure application for 10 min (P<0.001), but these effect sustained 30 mins after intervention only in acupressure group (P<0.001) not in placebo group. Comparison anxiety in following pressure application and 30 mins after intervention between groups was significant. Conclusion: Acupressure at the Yintang and Shen men points can decrease the anxiety level in patients before abdominal surgeries and sustained lower for 30 mins. Trial registration: IRCT138811203311N1 567 Comparison of impact of foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation on severity of pain after cesarean section: a randomized trial Jamileh Mokhtari Masoud Sirati Nir Mehdi Sadeghi Sherme Zahra Ghanbari Hossein Babatabar Darzi Hossein Mahmoodi 1 7 2010 9 3 289 298 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To compare the impact of foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation on severity of pain after cesarean section. Methods: A quasi-experimental time series design and clinical trial was used. Method of sampling was convenience non probability. Samples were placed in two groups: foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation and a control group. Pain was measured using a standard numerical pain scale. For data analysis Mann Whitney, ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis and Wilkacson were performed. Results: Comparison of the mean of pain severity was separately significant between two group and measured group (P<0.05). Difference between the mean of pain severity also was significant between foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation were effective on decreaseing pain severity after women abdominal surgical operation and the impact of foot reflexology massage was superior. Trial Registration: IRCT138904124299N1 568 Acient health manuscripts in Persian language Seyed Kamal Haj Seyed Javadi 1 7 2010 9 3 299 306 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To review literature for acient medical text in Persian language. Methods: 350 medical books and texts in Persian language were identified and reviewd. Of these, 40 manuscripts were about general health and safety affairs. These further examined to explore the topic. Results: In general there were tow categories of manuscripts: 1. Manuscripts that authors' name or the date of its publication were known. Topics included individual health, brushing, omblical cord cutting, breast feeding, etc. 2. Manuscripts that authors' name or the date of its publication were unknown. Topics included eating and drinking, food, water, sence and move, weather, etc. Conclusion: The Old Iranian literature is a very rich source for topics in health and medicine and it deserves further examin. 569 Iranian version of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test: a validation study Zahra Jafari Philp Steffen Moritz Taher Zandi Ahmad Ali Akbari Kamrani Saied Malayeri 1 7 2010 9 3 307 316 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To provide the Iranian version of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and assess its reliability. Methods: Test items were selected from a pool of common and high frequency words with characteristics of simplicity, concreteness and with lowest emotional load. Two different Persian version of the Rey test was prepared according to Lezak criteria with three lists A, B and recognition words (List A + List B + 20 new words) in each version with different parts including I to V repetition of list A, sum, list B, immediate recall (VI), delayed recall (VII) (after 20 minutes) and word recognition in the administrating phase. This randomized study was done among 250 normal aged people without history of medical problem or any other diseases or factors that can affect cognitive ability with 60 to 80 years old in three elementary, junior and academic literacy levels for both men and women from Aug. 2008 to Feb. 2009 Pearson correlation coefficient was used to define test reliability by completing two different Persian versions of Rey test among 35 aged persons with two months time delay. Results: Increase of test scores from I to V parts showed the effect of test items repetition and learning effect. Regression test exhibited significant effect of age and sex variables on most parts of the Rey test and literacy level had the same effect in all parts of the test (P<0.01). High positive correlation was revealed between results of two different versions of the test (P<0.001, r> 0.730). Conclusion: Persian version of the Rey auditory verbal learning test has good reliability, and can be used to evaluate and interpret the situation of memory and learning ability of the aged people. 570 Knowledge about seven warning signs of cancer and protective measures of cancer among people in Tehran, Iran Mitra Zolfaghari Zohreh Parsa Yekta Fatemeh Bahram Nejad Anooshirvan Kazem Nejad Zahra Monjamed 1 7 2010 9 3 317 324 28 11 2018 Objective(s): To assess knowledge about seven warning signs of cancer and protective measures of cancer among people in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive study. 2500 individuals living in Tehran wre took part in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire that contained three parts: demographic section, questions related to seven warning signs of cancer and protective measures. Results: The results showed that the information on 7 warning signs of cancer was low among the majority (66.6%). In relation to protective measures also the knoweledge was low among the majority (78.7%). There was a positive relationship between knowledge about seven warning signs of cancer and protective measures of cancer. Conclusion: The knowledge of people about cancer and its prevention measures in Tehran was low. The need for health education campaigns seems neccessary.